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『Enterprise Single Sign-on: The Holy Grail of Computing』は、さまざまな環境における認証に関する課題を詳細に検討し、クエストがエンタープライズ・シングルサインオンの処理に対し、これらの課題のほぼすべてを解消するユニークなソリューションで対応する様子を紹介しています。
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ホワイトボード・セッション:シングルサインオン
クエストが提供する 4 つのシングルサインオン製品と特徴をご紹介します。お客様の環境に適した製品を選ぶ際の参考にしていただけます。
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技術概要
さまざまな環境におけるシングルサインオンの課題と、クエストによるシングルサインオンへの混合的なアプローチがいかにしてエンタープライズ全体にベストなオプションをもたらすかをご紹介します。
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Enterprise Single Sign-on

シングルサインオンをシンプルに

クエスト・ソフトウェアの Enterprise Single Sign-on は、業界トップクラスのエンタープライズシングルサインオン・ソリューションです。全ログインの基盤にユーザの既存のActive Directory アイデンティティ を利用し、複雑なインフラも必要なく、シングルサインオンのエンドユーザ管理組織全体の運用管理の両方を効率化します。

クエストの Enterprise Single Sign-on は、複数のログインベースのアプリケーションやシステムを有する複雑な環境向けに、効率、セキュリティ、およびコンプライアンスの重要な領域への対処を支援します。 本ツールには以下の機能が備わっています:

  • Active Directory を基盤としたシングルサインオン:既存の Active Directory に構築された既存の ID、グループ、ポリシーを基盤として、組織全体のシングルサインオンやアクセス制御を行います。認証方法を追加したり、「メタディレクトリ」を導入する必要はありません。 
  • 組織全体にセキュリティおよびアクセスポリシーを強制:ユーザがアクセスする必要のあるアプリケーションやシステムの全体に関して、規定のアクセスポリシーや Active Directory のルールを利用して、クライアントベースのシングルサインオンにも同様の制御を適用します。
  • 全リソースに強力な認証のシングルポイントを導入:すべてのシステムやアプリケーションに、ユーザログイン/認証のシングルポイントを提供します。 これには、標準的なユーザネーム/パスワードによるログインだけでなく、スマートカード、生体認証、トークンベースの 2 要素認証など、あらゆる種類の強力な認証方法が含まれています。
  • IT 部門およびエンドユーザの効率を向上:多様なアプリケーションにわたり、ユーザアクセスを管理しパスワードをリセットするという IT スタッフの負担が軽減されます。
  • コンプライアンスの達成:高度かつ安定した Active Directory ベースのインフラを導入して、アクセスポリシーを強制することにより、アクセス制御、強力な認証、およびアクセス権限のセキュアな委任に関する一般的なコンプライアンス要件を満たすことができます。

Client-Side Modules

Advanced Login, Enterprise Console, SSOWatch, Token Manager

Platform1 GHz or higher Intel x86 processor,
256 MB RAM
Operating SystemEither of the following:
  • Microsoft Windows 2000 Service Pack 2 or higher
  • Microsoft Windows XP (Home or Professional Edition) Service Pack 1 or higher
  • Microsoft Windows 2000 Server Service Pack 2 or higher
  • Microsoft Windows 2003 Server Service Pack 2 or higher, (32 bit or non-Itanium 64 bit)
  • Microsoft Windows 2003 Server R2
  • Microsoft Windows 2008 Server (32 bit or non-Itanium 64 bit)
  • Microsoft Windows 2008 Server R2
  • Microsoft Windows Vista (32 bit or non-Itanium 64 bit)
  • Microsoft Windows 7 (32 bit or non-Itanium 64 bit)
  • Citrix MetaFrame 1.8 Service Pack 3 or higher
  • Citrix MetaFrame XP Service Pack 3 or higher
Additional SoftwareMicrosoft Internet Explorer 5.5 or higher
Note:Enterprise Single Sign-On has not been validated with the following:
  • Any virtualization software such as VMware Workstation or Microsoft Virtual PC

Audit Database
ESSO Console can store a "master" audit database on a relational database. ESSO Console has been validated with the following configurations:

Operating SystemMicrosoft Windows 2003 Server Enterprise Edition
DatabaseEither of the following:
  • IBM DB2 version 9.0
  • Microsoft SQL Server 2000 and 2005
  • MySQL Server 5.0
  • Oracle 8.1.7.4
  • PostgreSQL 8.1

The size of the hard drive hosting the audit database depends on how long you want to keep the log online before archiving it. (The audit database does not need to reside on the ESSO Console server itself.) For a rough estimate use the following:

  • One log entry = 1000 bytes (including database index and other overhead)
  • Typical log activity = 20 log entries per user per day.

LDAP Directories

Enterprise Single Sign-On can access user information located in LDAP directories and use these directories to store SSO and security data. The following directories are supported:

DirectoryDirectory and/or operating system versions
Active DirectoryEither of the following:
  • Microsoft Windows 2000 Server Service Pack 4
  • Microsoft Windows Server 2003 SP1, SP2
  • Microsoft Windows Server 2003 R2, SP1, SP2
  • Microsoft Windows Server 2008 SP1, SP2
Fedora Directory Server
  • Fedora Directory Server 1.0.1 on Red Hat Linux
  • Fedora Directory Server 1.2 on Red Hat Linux
IBM Tivoli Directory Server
  • Version 5.2 with Fix Pack 003
  • Version 6.0
Novell eDirectoryVersion 8.7.3 or higher
OpenLDAP
  • OpenLDAP Directory 2.3.x
  • Use the latest stable version from the OpenLDAP Foundation or your OS
    manufacturer.
Sun Java System Directory ServerSun Java System Directory Server 5.2

Enterprise Single Sign-On can use Microsoft Active Directory Application Mode (ADAM) to store SSO and security data. ADAM version 1.1 (Service Pack 1) or higher is required. ADLDS included with Windows Server 2008 is also supported.

Using Enterprise Single Sign-On with Samba

Enterprise Single Sign-On can be installed in an environment where Samba is used as an authentication server and domain controller. The prerequisites are:

  • Samba must be version 3.0.x
  • Samba must use OpenLDAP (see version above)

Supported Authentication Devices

Smart Cards and USB Tokens

The middleware and authentication devices listed below are used by these specific Enterprise Single Sign-On modules:

  • Advanced Login can use the devices for user authentication.
  • Token Manager and ESSO Console can manage these devices.
  • Token Manager and ESSO Console can use these devices for administrator authentication.
VendorMiddlewareTokens
GemaltoNo middlewareCryptoflex e-gate 32K
NOTE: in this mode, only Enterprise Single Sign-On can use the
authentication device.
GemaltoActivClient 5.3.1Cyberflex and Oberthur smart cards
GemaltoACS 5.2Cyberflex 64K with PC/SC readers
ActivCardACS 5.2Cyberflex 64K with PC/SC readers
AETSafeSign 2.2Cyberflex smart cards and IKEY3000 tokens
AladdineToken RTE 3.65eToken PRO (USB and smart card)
OberthurAWP (Authentic Web Pack)
3.6.2.2
Cosmo 64 v5 + Option MiOption Hybride Mifare 1Kfare smart cards

When using smart cards, you must use PC/SC smart card readers that are compatible with both the cards and the middleware detailed above.
The only Certification Authority that is supported at the moment is the Microsoft Windows 2000/2003/2008 Certification Authority in an Active Directory configuration. Other Certification Authorities can be used via the PKCS import feature of ESSO Console and Token Manager.

Biometric Devices

Biometrics support requires that you purchase from Precise Biometrics a license of Precise BioMatch Pro Toolkit 2.3.0 for each workstation where biometric authentication will be performed;
The list of biometric devices supported by Precise BioMatch Pro Toolkit 2.3.0 is currently the following;

  • Precise 100 A/AX/SC/MC/XS/BioKeyboard/PC-Card
  • Precise 200 MC
  • Precise 250 MC
  • IRIS BCR100T
  • IRIS Mobile SmartTerm St4E
  • AuthenTec AES4000 API-based readers
  • AuthenTec AES2501 API-based readers
  • Cherry FingerTip Keyboards
  • UPEK ST1
  • UPEK ST2
  • silex FUS-200N
  • silex MUSB-200-COMBO
  • silex COMBO-mini

Warning: some of these devices require a specific license of the Precise Biometrics software. Determine with the vendor which license is appropriate.
For an up-to-date list, contact Precise Biometrics at http://www.precisebiometrics.com.

RFID/HID Devices

XyLoc support requires that you obtain from Ensure Technologies the Software Development Kit in order to deploy on each workstation the ETSecure.dll. E-SSO has been tested with the following MIFARE components:

  • SAGEMYpsid S1-IAS
  • Sagem YPsid MatchOnCard
  • GemSafeYpresso 64K (Classic TPC)
  • Oberthur
  • Cyberflex 64K
  • Crypto.NET v2+

These tests have been done with the following reader: CardMan 5321, these RFID devices are natively supported (no middleware needed)
E-SSO is pre-configured with the following ATR (Answer To Reset):

ATRBadge
3b8f8001804f0ca000000306030001000000006aMifare Standard 4K
3b8f8001804f0ca0000003060300020000000069Mifare Standard 1K
3b8f8001804f0ca0000003060a001c000000007eHID iCLASS
Start with 3b05HID Prox 125kHz format H10320
Start with 3b06HID Prox 125kHz format H10301
Start with 3b07HID Prox 125kHz format H10302, H10304 and Corp 1k

Warning: Xyloc devices are not supported with Microsoft RDP.

SSOWatch Plug-in Requirements

General

Plug-ins are extensions of SSOEngine and SSOStudio. They provide SSO authentication methods for specific types of applications.
These plug-ins are delivered with SSOWatch. Plug-ins are available for:

  • Microsoft Internet Explorer (for Internet Explorer 5.5, 6.0,7.0 and 8.0)

  • Firefox 1.5, 2.0, and 3.0.4 and higher (warning, due to an issue Firefox 3.0.0 to 3.0.3 are not supported)
  • Sun Java SE Runtime Environment (JRE) 1.4, 1.5 and 1.6
  • Lotus Notes versions 4.x, 5.x and 6.5
  • Microsoft Telnet
  • HLLAPI (see Configuring the HLLAPI Plug-in section for supported emulators)
  • SAP R/3 client version 6.20
  • SAP R/3 client version 6.20
  • Script environment for Windows and HTML applications that are not covered by the standard WiseGuard process

SSOWatch SAP R/3 Plug-in Requirements

Plug-ins are extensions of SSOEngine and SSOStudio. They provide SSO authentication methods for specific types of applications.
These plug-ins are delivered with SSOWatch. Plug-ins are available for:

SSOWatch Window TypeSAPGUI Scripting
SAP R/3 Client VersionEither of the following:
  • SAP GUI 6.20
  • SAP GUI 6.40
  • SAP GUI 7.10
SAP R/3 Server Version
(Minimum Kernel Patch Level)
Either of the following:
  • 6.10 (360)
  • 4.6D (948)
  • 4.5B (753)
  • 4.0B (903)
  • 3.1I (650)

Important: The SAP web-based Start Center is compatible with Enterprise Single Sign-On, but you need to upgrade to SAPGUI Version 6.40 with Patchlevel 23.

The SAPLogin and SAPExpired window types defined in version 3.71 of SSOWatch remain available to ensure the continuity of deployed configurations. We recommend not using them for new deployments. Existing windows should be ported to SAPGUI Scripting window types.

Supported HTTP Server

The following Enterprise Single Sign-On features require HTTP server:

  • Web Service administration API
  • Password reset feature

Important: We strongly recommend using the HTTP server delivered on the Enterprise Single Sign-On CD. Only this HTTP server (based on Apache 2.0) is supported by Quest Software. No support for the above-mentioned features will be provided when used with any other server. As well, Quest Software will not support the bundled server for functions other than those that are strictly necessary for the abovementioned Enterprise Single Sign-On features.
The password reset feature requires you to use a certificate generated by a Certification Authority (CA) in order to activate HTTPS. For evaluation purposes, a sample CA is delivered on the product CD, without any further support for that CA. Please use a supported CA for actual deployments.